Author(s): Khan Aazaz Ismail, Dr. Nisar Husain and Dr. Sandeep

Abstract:

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) impose a substantial burden on global health, with physical inactivity standing out as a modifiable risk factor contributing to this epidemic. High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) has emerged as a promising exercise regimen aimed at enhancing cardiovascular health. However, apprehensions regarding its safety, particularly concerning the potential risk of sudden cardiac events, have been a subject of scrutiny. This research endeavor sought to conduct an extensive review to delve into the nuanced impacts of HIIT on cardiovascular health outcomes and the associated risk of sudden death.

A meticulous exploration of existing literature was undertaken through systematic searches across electronic databases, yielding a total of 87 studies that met the predefined inclusion criteria. These encompassed a diverse array of study designs, including randomized controlled trials, observational studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. The participants featured in these studies exhibited a wide spectrum of demographics, reflecting varying ages and health statuses. Furthermore, the protocols employed for HIIT exhibited considerable diversity, encompassing variations in intensity, duration, frequency, and the mode of exercise utilized.

The synthesized results unveiled noteworthy improvements in cardiovascular parameters subsequent to HIIT interventions. These enhancements included notable increases in maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) and enhancements in endothelial function. Meta-analyses conducted across multiple studies revealed a mean increase in VO2 max of 3.21 mL/kg/min and a mean improvement in flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of 2.08% compared to control interventions. Subsequent subgroup analyses underscored that younger adults and individuals with lower baseline fitness levels tended to exhibit more substantial improvements in VO2 max.

Despite the overall positive impact of HIIT on cardiovascular health, concerns regarding safety emerged prominently, particularly among individuals harboring pre-existing cardiovascular conditions. Although the incidence of sudden death or adverse cardiovascular events during HIIT interventions was relatively low, the imperative for careful risk stratification and medical clearance, especially among high-risk populations, was underscored.

In summation, HIIT emerges as a potent exercise modality with demonstrable efficacy in enhancing various cardiovascular health parameters.

DOI: 10.22271/kheljournal.2025.v12.i6b.4079

Pages: 113-115  |  146 Views  90 Downloads

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