2020, Vol. 7, Issue 4, Part E

The study aimed to compare the impact of nutrition, supplements and drug intake on bone tissue density. The sample of the study consisted of one hundred women between 47 and 94 years old.

T and Z score bone density tests were performed before the interventions. People with a T-score of -2.5 and above consisted the drug group and underwent a drug intervention. All others were randomly divided in two groups with a ratio of 1:1. The patients of the nutrition group were instructed by the nutritionist intaking 1200mg of dietary calcium daily and a supplement of vitamin D3 400IU twice daily. The patients of the supplement group had to intake a combined 500mg calcium and 400IU D3 supplement twice daily. T and Z score bone density tests were repeated after 12 months.

The results indicated that there were no significant differences between the nutrition and the supplements groups in mean T and Z scores before the intervention. After the treatment, there was a statistically significant increase in mean T and Z scores in both groups, but no significant differences between them. The drugs group had a significant improvement after treatment and significantly better results compared to the other two groups. In conclusion, nutrition intake and calcium-vitamin D supplements significantly reduced the T and Z scores, but with no significant difference between them, in people with osteopenia. In patients with higher initial T and Z scores, the use of drugs is more appropriate for reducing the risk of fractures.