Author(s): Alexander Egoyan, Ilia Khipashvili, Karlo Moistsrapishvili and Alexander Gobirakhashvili

Abstract:
Using our ball flight simulator, we studied how the trajectory of a goal kick may be affected by atmospheric conditions such as altitude, wind and temperature. Based on our analysis we make rough approximations and recommendations for athletes and coaches. For starting velocities lying between 20 m/s and 35 m/s, the range of a goal kick started at 45° will be increased by about 0.8-2.2 m with each 1000 m increase of altitude depending on the starting velocity. At sea level each increase of the head/tail wind by 1 m/s will decrease/increase the range of such a goal kick by about 0.8-2.3 m and its trajectory will be deflected by about 0.5-1.5 m for each meter per second of a crosswind depending on the starting velocity. The increase of temperature by 5 °C at sea level is approximately equivalent to the increase of altitude by 150 m. The research also has educational purposes: knowing the strength of their kicks, the sportsmen will be able to select the best angle for a kick taking into account the wind and altitude. They will be able to better predict a trajectory of a football during a game and occupy better positions.

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