Author(s): Gustavo Meliscki, Luciana Monteiro, Enrico Puggina, Estela Carneseca, Francisco Pereira, Milton Foss and Maria Cristina Foss-Freitas

Abstract:
The aim of this study was to compare bone mineral density, lipid profile and body composition among swimmers, runners and control group. The study was conducted on three groups of individuals, i.e., swimmers (n=14), runners (n=08), and physically active healthy individuals (controls, n=15). Body composition and bone mineral density were evaluated by DXA, and the lipid profile (total cholesterol - TC, HDL - cholesterol, LDL- cholesterol and triglycerides - TG) was analyzed by the automatic spectrophotometric method. Swimmers and runners had a lower percent fat and fat mass and a greater amount of lean mass compared to control (p<0.05). Regarding changes in lipid profile, the swimmers had a higher concentrations of HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, TC and triglycerides than controls (p<0.05), whereas the runners had a lower concentration of HDL-cholesterol and a higher concentration of triglycerides (p<0.05). Despite the body benefits, high-performance sport practice causes a factors for cardiovascular diseases.

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